The ideal of man in the works of domestic figures of the 19th – early 20th centuries in the mainstream of classical and reformist pedagogy

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the concept “ideal of man” in the works of domestic figures of the late 19th – early 20th centuries in line with classical and reformist pedagogy. In reformist pedagogy, the main ideas were the ideas of free education of a person; formation of an individual who is independent from external influences; social education, and the labor school. In line with classical pedagogy, these are the ideas of nationality, traditional folk values and guidelines in education, the development of national identity and morality; notably, the ideal of man was inextricably linked with the mentality of people, which had been developing during the centuries.