Philosophical and pedagogical views of N.I. Kareev

Abstract

The article analyzes philosophical and pedagogical views of one of the prominent Russian historians and sociologists N.I.Kareev. It is shown that the scientist's philosophy of history is contradictory, since it presents an attempt to combine a subjective method of cognition with an objective one, as well as recog nition of the individual uniqueness of ethnic groups with the statement of the presence of common features in their development. At the same time, according to N.I.Kareev, supranational trends that determine the development of society are crucial, which results in his rejection of Slavophilism ideas. It is noted that in his pedagogical research, the scientist pays much attention to the issues of independent work of students, opposes the dogmatic assimilation of knowledge, their mechanical memorization. But, according to the author of the article, talking about education, N.I.Kareev clearly underestimates the role of upbringing in this process, establishes the wrong balance of universal and national elements in education. At the same time, his pedagogical ideas have not lost their importance today, for example, his thoughts about the need for creative assimilation of knowledge, the importance of reading, including scientific literature, and the democratization of education.