Application of the Experience of Categorizing the Participants in Overseas Economic Activities by the Customs Authorities of the Russian Federation in the Logistics Industry

Abstract

Introduction: As of 2026, the foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation is developing against the backdrop of the restructuring of global logistics chains and the exit of major operators, including Maersk and DHL, from the market. This change was accompanied by an increase in the share of insufficiently transparent intermediaries, as well as an increase in the likelihood of supply disruptions and restrictions on payments. The purpose of this study is to develop a systematic approach to assessing the reliability of carriers based on the adaptation of the state’s experience in categorizing participants in foreign economic activity to the tasks of the transport and logistics sector.Methodology and materials: The study is based on a subject-oriented approach used by the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in accordance with Order No. 29n of the Ministry of Finance. The author used mathematical modeling to obtain the formula for the logistics reliability index (ILR), as well as methods of system analysis to select the weight coefficients of the criteria. The empirical base was formed by statistical data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia for the first quarter of 2026.Results and discussion: A digital platform model has been developed that aggregates data using AI tools and calculates the ILR index. A system of ten criteria has been proposed, and compared to common approaches, the focus has shifted from financial stability indicators to operational performance, which is interpreted through the 7R principle. The weighted assessment procedure has been refined, with the highest priority given to indicators that characterize delays and route network parameters. The model includes the distribution of contractors into three risk zones.Conclusions: The novelty of the study lies in the substantive adaptation of the customs algorithm to the specifics of logistics, which reduces the likelihood of companies with an unfavorable operational history being classified as low-risk, even if they have significant financial resources. It is expected that the implementation of the ILR index will increase the transparency of partner selection procedures and contribute to the stability of foreign trade supplies in an unstable economic environment.